Liquid pump



July 10, 1962 w. 1 BENNETT LIQUID PUMP 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Feb. 20.1958 5m N Nm QQ` July 10, 1962 w` L. BENNETT LIQUID PUMP Filed Feb. 20',1958 3 Sheets-Shea?I 2 Worthy L. Bennett INVENTOR.

Y WWE/ms `July 10, 1962 w. BENNETT v 3,043,228 l LIQUID PUMP v FiledFeb. 20. 1958 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Worf/1y L. Ben/7e# zNI/ENTOR.

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United States Patent Y antigas Patented .Fiuiy l0, 1952 dice 3,0335228LFQUED PUMP Worthy L. Bennett, R0. Box 425, Cottonwood, Ariz., assignerof one-quarter to Ii. Norton, Cottonwood, Ariz.

Filed Feb. 2G, i958, Ser. No. 7l,4l1 6 Ciaims. (Cl. 10S- 38) Thisinvention relates in general to new and useful improvements in pumpconstruction, and more specically to an improved pu-mp of the meteringtype.

The primary object of this invention is to provide an improved liquidpump, the pump being so constructed whereby one basic design may be usedfor the manufacture of a multiple unit pump whereby a multiple unit pumpmay be constructed with any desired number of pump units withoutchanging the basic design thereof.

Another object of this invention is to provide a liquid pump of themultiple pump unit type, the liquid pump being driven by a rotary driveshaft and there being a cam carried by the drive shaft drivinglyconnected to the pump units whereby the pump units are actuated insequence.

Another object of this invention is to provide a multiple unit liquidpump of the metering type, the liquid pump including a plurality ofindividual identical pump units, each of the pump units being driven bymeans of a lever, there being a single cam engaging the levers of thepump units whereby one cam serves to operate all of the pump units, thepump units being operated in sequence.

A further object of this invention is to provide an improved liquid pumpof the metering type, the liquid pump including a plurality ofindividual pump units, and there being drive means for operating thepump units in sequence with the volume of liquid pumped by the pumpunits being controllable.

A still further object of this invention is to provide an improvedliquid pump of the type which includes a drive housing section havingrotatably journaled therein a drive shaft and defining an axiallyelongated stroke adjustment chamber aligned with a chamber formed in asecond housing section having a plurality of radially disposedindividual pump units, the pump units being disposed incircumferentially spaced relation and being arranged axially withrespect to the drive shaft, there being a lever for operating each ofthe pump units with equal strokes because of an axial support whichpivotally mounts the levers in equal radial relation to the drive shaftjournaled therein, there being a single cam carried by the drive shaftengaged with the levers remote from the pump units within the elongatedstroke adjustment chamber for rocking the levers, the cam beingshiftable longitudinally of said drive shaft and having a taperedsurface whereby the eective strokes of the pump units may be varied withthe degree of iineness desirable for metering apparatus, because oftheaxial length of the adjustment chamber and the equal -stroke levers.

These together with other objects and advantages which will becomesubsequently apparent reside in the details of Vconstruction andoperation as more fully hereinafter described and claimed, referencebeing had Vto the accompanying drawings forming a part hereof, whereinlike numerals refer to likeparts throughout, and in whichz' FIGURE `1 isa longitudinal sectional view taken through the liquid pump which is thesubject of this invention and shows the general arrangement of thecomponents thereof, the drive'cam being shown in a Yminimum strokeposition in solid lines, and in a maximum stroke position by dottedlines; l

FIGURE 2 is a transverse sectional view taken sub- 2 stantially upon theplane indicated by the section line 2--2 of FIGURE l and shows thearrangement of the pistons of the pump units with respect to the driveshaft, there also being shown the mounting of the levers;

FIGURE 3 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken substantiallyupon the plane indicated by the section line 3 3 of FIGURE 1 and showsthe speciiic details of one of the pump units;

FIGURE 4 is a transverse sectional view taken substantially upon theplane indicated by the section line 4-4 of FIGURE 1 and shows therelationship of the levers with respect to the drive cam;

FIGURE 5 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken substantiallyupon the plane indicated by the section line 5-5 of FIGURE 3 and showsthe general cross section of the cylinder in the vicinity of the valveunit thereof;

FIGURE 6 is an enlarged perspective view of one or the valve bodiesremoved from its respective cylinder; and

FIGURE 7 lis an enlarged perspective View of one of the pistons removedfrom its respective cylinder.

Referring now to the drawings in detail, it will be seen that there isillustrated the liquid pump, which is the subject of this invention, theliquid pump being referred to in general by the reference numeral 10.The liquid pump 19 includes a housing which is referred to in general bythe reference numeral 1-2. The housing :12 is made in two halves andincludes a first half 14 and a second half The first half 14 isgenerally cylindrical in cross section, as is best shown in FIGURE 4,and includes an elongated body 18 defining a pump drive and strokeadjustment chamber which has the right end thereof, Aas viewed in FIGUREl, closed by a relatively thick end Wall 20'.

= The left end of the body 18 terminates in an outwardly projectingannular connecting ange 22.

The half 16 of the housing l2 is also circular in cross section defininga pump chamber, .as is best illustrated in FIGURE 2. The housing half 16is provided with an annular recess 24 in that face thereof which opposesthe housing half :14. The connecting iiange Z2 is seated in the annularrecess 24 for accurately Valigning the pump and adjustment chambers and,is secured to the housing half 16 by means of a plurality ofcircumferentially spaced bolts 26.

As is best shown in FIGURES l and 2, the housing half'16 is hollow, thehousing half 16 having a circular cross sectional opening therein. Thehousing half 16 is also provided with a plurality of circumferentiallyspaced axially arranged bores 28. The -bores 28 have internally threadedouter portions 30 and 'each of the bores 28 is provided adjacent itsinner end with an annular recess 32 in which is seated an O-ring 34.Disposed intermediate the ends of each of the bores 23 is an annularrecess 36 in which there is positioned a second O-ring 38.

Seated in each of the bores ZS is a pump unit which is referred to ingeneral by the reference numeral 40. Each pump unit 4d includes acylinder 42. Each cylinder 42 has an elongated body portion '44 which isprovided adjacent the outer endl thereof with external threads 46 whichmesh with the internal threads 30 to hold the cylinder 42 in the bore2.8. The body portion 44 engages the O-rings E4 and 3S to form asealwith respect to the walls of the bore 28. The outer part of each* ofthe cylinders 42 is in the `form of a nut portion 48 to facilitate theinsertion and removal of the cylinder 42. The cylinder. V4Z is` furthersealed with respect to the bore 2S by means of a gasket Si)disposedbetween'the nut portion 4S and the exterior surface of thehousing half 16.

The cylinder 42 has an intermediate longitudinal bore 52 which defines acylinder area for a piston S4. The

vcharge lines 11,18'Wil1 go to combustion engine.

piston 54 includes an extension 56 which extends inwardly into thehousing half 16 beyond the cylinder 42.

As is best shown in FIGURES 3 and 7, eachV of the Y pistons 54 includesa piston portion 58 which is provided in the end thereof remote from theprojecting portion 56 with a seat 60'. Disposed adjacent theend of thepiston 8 in which the seat 60 is formed is an annular liquid receivinggroove 62 whose purpose will beset forth in'detajl hereinafter. Also,there is provided an annular groove 64 in which there is seated an0-ring 66. The

O-ring 66engages with the wall of the bore 52 to form Y a seal therewithand prevent the escape of liquid past the piston heads 58.

-The inner end of the cylinder 42 is provided with an enlarged bore 70in which there is seated a seal 72. The seal 72Y engages the projectingportion 56 to bot seal and guide the piston 54.

Ihe outer end of the cylinder 42 is also provided with an enlarged bore74. Thebore 74, however, is relatively deep and has seatedthereina'valve housing 76. The valve housing 76 is retained in the bore74 by turning down -a central part of the nut portion 48, as at 78.

The valve housing 76 includes a fluid inlet passage 80 YVand al uidoutlet passage 82, the passages 86 `and 82 Y being disposed in parallelrelation. sage 80 terminates in a reduced inner portion 83 which Thehuid inlet pasopens into the bore 52 of the cylinder 42 outwardly of thepiston 54. The passage S0 includes an outer externally Vthreaded portion84. Carried bythe externally threaded portion 84 is a ow control plug S6through which there is a fluid passage 88. Also engaged in the threadedportion 84 is a fitting 98 which secures to the valve housing or valveblock 76 afluid supply line 92.

The inner end of the plugV 88 is provided with a valve seat 94 for aball check valve 96. The ball. check valve u 4 Y right end of the leversupport 124 is in the form of a flange 128 which has vformed therein aplurality of circumferentially spaced axially extending slots 130.Disposed in each of the slots 130 is an enlarged central part 138 of alever 132. It is t0 be understood that there is one slot 130 and onelever 132 for each of the pump units 40. Each lever 132 includes a irstend 13'4 which is aligned with the projecting portion 56 of itsrespective piston '54 and is engagedVV therewith. The iirst end 134 isrounded as fat 136 to eliminate friction between the piston projectingportion 56 and the lever :132 as the lever 132 is rocked. Incidentally,the lever 132 is pivotally mounted on a transverse pin 140 carried bythe flange 128 in-substantial axial alignment with the dividing planebetween the housing sections 14 and 16. Each of the projecting portions56 is retained in engagement with its respective lever 132 by means ofaV compression spring 142 disposed in the bore 52 and extending betweenthe valve housing 76 and its respective piston 54, the spring 142 beingseated in the seat 60. All of the levers '132 are therefore pivotallycarried in equal radii relation to a central axis through the pumpchamber.

The end wall 20 is provided in the extreme right hand end thereof with arecess 144 in which there Vis seated av bearing 146. The bearing 146rotatably journals a drive shaft 148 extending through the housing 12and disposed concentric with the longitudinal axis of the housing 12.The lever support 124 is provided'in the right end thereof, as viewed inFIGURE l, with a bore 150' in which there is seated a bearing 152.`Rota'tably journaled in the bearing 152 is a reduced left end 154 ofthe drive shaft 148 accordingly aligning the drive axis with the pumpchamber axis so as to insure equal displacement of all 96 is urged intoengagement with the valve seat 94 by Y means of a coilrspring `98.

The fluid passage 82 is provided at the other end thereof with aninternally threaded'portion 100. Threadedly engaged in the inner part ofthe internally threaded por- 'tion 100 is a'plug 102 having a restrictediluid passage 104 therethrough. |Removably seated in the outer part -ofthe threaded portion 10i) is a fitting Y106 which con-V nects adischarge line 108 to the valve housing 76.V Y

Y The outlet passage l82 terminates at its inner end in an opening :110which lopens into that portion of the bore `52Y above the piston 54.'I'he inner end of the outlet Y Vand the plug V102.

-In order that'fluid may be supplied to the pump units Y40, there iscarried by the housing half 16 an annular fluid supply manifold 118. Themanifold 118 has conv nected thereto fthe fluid supply lines '92. Theiluid discharge lines 108 may go to any desired source. However, if'thepump 10 is to Ibe used in conjunction with an in- Y ternal combustionengine for the purpose of metering fuel Y' to the various cylindersthereof, then of course the disthe Vcylinders of the internal Since themetering Vpurpose -for'the pump requires acu curacy, fluid escaping pastthe pistonr54 may be'rremoved f Vso as to prevent equal stoke disturbingflow thereof into the housing 12, there is provided :for each of thepump units `Y40 -a drainY line 120.` The drain line 120 is connected tothe housing half 16 and communicated with aY Vdrain passage 122 whichopens into the hore'52 as seen in FIGURE' 1 and groove 62. Y t.Removably carried 'by the housing half 16 is a lever thus receives fluidfrom the collector 'Y support 124 byk means of which equalization of thepump stokes is assured. The lever support 124 includes a shaft portion126 which is seated inthe housing half 16. The

Y levers '132.

Carried 'by the drive shaft1t48 within the housing half 14 is a drivecam which is referred to in general by the reference numeral 156. Thedrive cam 156 is generally cup-shaped in outline and includes an endwall 158 and a body portion 168y having a cylindrical outer surface 162.The drive cam 156 is of the internal type andY includes an internal camsurface 164. The cam surface. 164 slopes to the right and` towards thedrive shaft 148, as is best shown in FIGURE 1.r v

The end wall 158 has formed integral therewith a hub 166. The Ihub 166is received on the drive'shaft 164 and is keyed thereto by means of afkey 168.V The't between the hub 166 and the drive shaft 148 is suchthat while there is no play between the drive cam 1'56` and the driveshaft 148, the cam 156 may be slid longitudinally of the drive shaft 148a substantial distance in'view of the axial elongation of the strokeadjustment chamber as compared to the pumpchamber in order to' effect ane stoke variation. Y

The hub I166 is provided with a collar 170 which is spacedlongitudinally from the end wall 158. Engaged over the hub 166intermediate the end wall 158 and the collar 170 is a yoke 172 'whichterminates at the inner ends thereof in rollers 174; Y Y` The housinghalf 14 is provided -With a projecting portion 175 in which there isVformedV a longitudinal slot 176. The yoke 172 includes a lever portion178 which passes through the slot 176 and which is mounted for pivotalmovement Von a pivot pin '18,0' carried by the housing hallf 14 at thevslot 176. The lever 178v is provided in the outer 'end thereof with anYopening 182 through which a suitable fastener (not shown)` may pass 'forthe purpose of connecting a control to the lever 17S.

r[the individual levers 13-2 are provided with -a second end 184 spaceda greaterV distance `from pivot 140 than end 134 to more finely vary thepump stroke than the displacement variation resulting from axialshifting of the cam '160 Ywhich Vis'bifurcated andain which there iscarried a transversely extending roller 186. The rollers 186engage thecam surface 1647.V The rollers 186 are held in vengagen'lent with theVcam surface 164 by means of springs 188 which extend between the leversupport 124 and the levers 132.

It is to be understood t-hat a suitable mounting for the pump will rbeprovided. However, inasmuch as the mounting does not play an importantpart of this invention, the details thereof are not set forth.

In the operation of the pump 10, the shaft 148 is rotated. As the shaft148 rotates, the drive cam 156 rotates. Because of the shape of the c-amsurface 164, as the drive cam 156 is rotated, the levers 132 are rockedabout their pivot pins 146. 'Ihe rocking movement of the levers 132effects the reciprocation of the pistons 54 within the cylinders 42.Incidentally, the axes of reciprocation of the pistons 54 are disposednormal to and intersect the longitudinal axis of the housing 12. Theeffective su'oke of the pistons 54 is controlled by shifting the drivecam 56 longitudinally of the drive shaft 148. Because of the taperedconfiguration of the cam surface 164, when the rollers 186 engage theleft end of the cam surface 164, asis viewed in FIGURE 1, the effectivestroke of the pistons 54 is the minimum. However, when the cam 156 -isshifted to the left, and the rollers 186 engage the right portion of thecam surface 164, the stroke of the pistons 54 is a maximum and thevolume of liquid pumped is Aalso the maximum. Thus by controlling theposition of the drive cam 156, the output of the individual pump units40 may be controlled. In View of this, the uid pump 10 is a meteringtype pump. Also, because of the simplicity of construction of the pump,it will be readily apparent that the pump may be so manufactured wherebyit is economically feasible. Further, the design of the pump is suchthat the pump may incorporate the desired number of pump units with aminimum of change in construction or design.

The foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles ofthe invention. Further, since numerous modifications and changes willreadily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limitthe invention to the exact construction and operation shown anddescribed, and accordingly all suitable modifications and equivalentsmay be resorted to, falling within the scope of the invention asclaimed.

What is claimed as new is as follows:

one end of the casing means to vary the displacement stroke of the levermeans and piston means, and biasing means mounted within each cylindermeans for acting on the piston means for holding said piston means incontact with the lever means.

2. The combination of claim 1 wherein said axial support means comprisesa shaft portion defining a radially inner limit for the contact armportions of the lever means independent of the cam means and a angeportion disposed on one axial side of the housing means for pivotallymounting the lever means, and axial socket bearing means disposed insaid iiange portion for rotatably receiving an inner end of the driveshaft means for journaling thereof.

3. The combination of claim 2, wherein said lever means comprises aplurality of lever members pivotally mounted by the axial support meanssubstantially in alignment With the connection betweenl the housingmeans and casing means, each lever member having a contact arm portionand a cam follower portion extending in anaxial direction `and beinglonger than the contact arm portion to provide a fine variation in pumpstroke in response l to slidable adjustment of the cam means.

1. A multiple fluid metering pump assembly compris* Y ing, radial pumphousing means, axially elongated pump drive casing means removablyconnected to one axial side of the housing means in axial alignmenttherewith, axial support means xedly mounted in the housing means `andprojecting into the casing means, elongated lever means pivotallymounted by the axial support means between the housing means and casingmeans, drive shaft means rotatably journaled by one end of the casingmeans and the axial support means in coaxial relation thereto, elongatedvariable cam means having an internal cam surface slidably mounted onthe drive shaft means and rotatable therewith, in axial spaced relationto the radial pump housing means, a plurality of radially arrangedreciprocating piston and cylinder pump means removably disposed in thehousing means and engageable by contact arm portions of the lever meansprojecting into the housing means, said lever means also having camfollower portions projecting into the casing means for sequentialdisplacement by the internal cam surface of the cam means in response torotation of the drive shaftv means, control means mounted on the casingmeans and operatively connected to the cam means for axial adjustmentthereof between said axial support means and said 4. The combination ofclaim 1, wherein said lever means comprises a plurality of lever memberspivotally mounted by the axial support means substantially in alignmentwith the connection between the housing means and casing means, eachlever member having a contact arm portion and a cam follower portionextending in an axial direction and being longer than the contact armportion to provide a finer variation in pump stroke in response toslidable adjustment of the cam means.

5. The combination of claim 1, wherein said housing means and casingmeans form a continuons axial chamber, a plurality of radial boresformed in said housing means in communication with said axial chamberforV removably receiving the clyinder and piston pump means, spacedsealing means mounted in the radial bores and cooperating with thecylinder means to maintain the axial chamber in uid tight relation tothe radial bores, and drain means mounted in the housing incommunication with the radial bores between said spaced sealing meansfor removal of leakage fluid from the cylinder means.

6. The combination of claim 5 wherein said axial sup port meanscomprises a shaft portion defining a radiallyY inner limit for thecontact arm portions of the lever means independent of the cam meansIand a flange portion disposed on one axial side of the housing meansfor pivotally mounting the lever means, and axial socket bearing meansdisposed in said flange portion for rotatably receiving an inner end ofthe drive shaft means for journaling thereof.

References Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS672,477 Frith et al. Apr. 23, 1901 2,071,800 Mock Feb. 23, 19372,548,501 Simpson et al Apr. 10, 1951 2,553,063 Simpson et al. May 15,1951 2,657,634 Greenland et al. Nov. 3, 1953 FOREIGN PATENTS 26,943Sweden May 29, 1909 168,638 Great Britain Aug. 25, 1921 358,376 FranceyDec. l5, 1905 496,546 France Aug. 6, 1919 547,531 Italy Sept. 3, 1956

